![]() ![]() There are a variety of cells which support neuronal function. Cells of the Nervous System - Glial Cells Interneurons: these are connectors between neurons in the CNS. Sensory neurons: these afferent neurons conduct impulses from sensory stimuli to the central nervous system. Motor neurons: these efferent neurons extend distally to send nerve impulses to muscles for voluntary movement. Some axons are covered in a sheath of myelin. Axons contain organelles and neurofilaments. At the distal end there is a terminal arborization with synapses to other neurons. Most neurons have a single axon, though some can have more than one. ![]() Īxon: a long process that conducts impulses (action potentials) away from the cell body.They contain some organelles and many neurofilaments. ĭendrites: these small arborizing processes receive almost all of the input (nerver impulses).The cell body is receptive to input, but only a minority of impulses arrive directly onto the cell body. There are neurofilaments that can occur singly or in clusters. The cytoplasm contains rough endoplasmic reticulum grouped to form the Nissl substance. In general, they have the following components:Ĭell body: the nucleus and cytoplasm containing organelles are contained here. Neurons come in a variety of shapes and sizes. The major function of the nervous system is provided by neurons. The neural crest cells migrate to give rise to most of the peripheral nervous system. From the anterior neural tube additional folding and development produces the complex regions of the brain. Embryologically, the central nervous system is derived from the neural plate which closes to form the neural tube. The two major divisions of the nervous system are the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consisting of the peripheral nerves, nerve receptor endings, and ganglia distributed throughout the body. Nervous System Nervous System Return to the Histology Tutorial menu. ![]()
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